Monitoring the Session

HB 3425

Capriglione Bill Stretches Doxing Offense To Texts And Emails

Became law, effective Sep 1, 2025

Verdict: No flags

No flagsInitial review
Rep. Giovanni CapriglioneRHouse 98

Initial review · graded Oct 22, 2026 · Headline, summary and grade are analysis of the bill text, not a finding about any person · How we grade

Caption

relating to the prosecution of certain criminal offenses involving the unlawful disclosure of a residence address or telephone number.

Caption from analyzed text · version E.

Summary

Class B misdemeanor now reaches electronic messages. The 48-hour take-down rule stays website-only.

This bill widens the Texas doxing offense so it covers sharing someone's home address or phone number through electronic messages, not just posting it on a public website, when the person intends harm or a threat of harm. It touches anyone who sends or posts that information, and it adds extra protection for public servants and their families. Starting September 1, 2025, prosecutors can bring the existing Class B misdemeanor charge for doxing done by text, email or other electronic messages, while the 48-hour take-down rule that counts as proof of intent still applies only to website posts.

Labels

Labels: CROSS-PARTY HANDOFF. Lead author Giovanni Capriglione (R) in the House. Lead sponsor Judith Zaffirini (D) in the Senate. Party as the Legislative Reference Library lists it for the 89th Legislature.ACROSS THE AISLE. Joint authors: 3 Republicans, 2 Democrats. Party as the Legislative Reference Library lists it for the 89th Legislature.

Receipt

The receipt

89R-HB3425 · 2025-02-26

SOLD BY

+ 2 more authors

ITEM

relating to the prosecution of certain criminal offenses involving the unlawful disclosure of a residence address or telephone number.

WHAT IT DOES

Class B misdemeanor now reaches electronic messages. The 48-hour take-down rule stays website-only.

This bill widens the Texas doxing offense so it covers sharing someone's home address or phone number through electronic messages, not just posting it on a public website, when the person intends harm or a threat of harm. It touches anyone who sends or posts that information, and it adds extra protection for public servants and their families. Starting September 1, 2025, prosecutors can bring the existing Class B misdemeanor charge for doxing done by text, email or other electronic messages, while the 48-hour take-down rule that counts as proof of intent still applies only to website posts.

CHARGES

[ ] NONE FOUND

TOTAL

No significant fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version E · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version E · May 25, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

HISTORY

  1. Filed
  2. Read first time
  3. Referred to Criminal Jurisprudence
  4. Referred directly to subcommittee by chair
  5. Scheduled for public hearing in s/c on . . .
  6. Considered by s/c in public hearing
  7. Testimony taken/registration(s) recorded in subcommittee
  8. Left pending in subcommittee
  9. Recalled from subcommittee
  10. Considered in formal meeting
  11. Reported favorably w/o amendment(s)
  12. Comte report filed with Committee Coordinator
  13. Committee report distributed
  14. Committee report sent to Calendars
  15. Considered in Calendars
  16. Placed on General State Calendar
  17. Read 2nd time
  18. Passed to engrossment
  19. Record vote RV#2537
  20. Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal
  21. Read 3rd time
  22. Passed
  23. Record vote RV#2649
  24. Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal
  25. Reported engrossed
  26. Received from the House
  27. Read first time
  28. Referred to Criminal Justice
  29. Posting rule suspended
  30. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  31. Considered in public hearing
  32. Vote taken in committee
  33. Reported favorably w/o amendments
  34. Committee report printed and distributed
  35. Placed on intent calendar
  36. Rules suspended-Regular order of business
  37. Read 2nd time & passed to 3rd reading
  38. Vote recorded in Journal
  39. Three day rule suspended
  40. Record vote
  41. Read 3rd time
  42. Passed
  43. Record vote
  44. Senate passage reported
  45. Reported enrolled
  46. Signed in the House
  47. Signed in the Senate
  48. Sent to the Governor
  49. Signed by the Governor
  50. Effective on 9/1/25
FILED UNDER

SPEECH AND LAWFARE

THE TEXT

…“posts on a publicly accessible website or discloses through an electronic communication the residence address or telephone number of an individual with the intent to cause harm or a threat of harm”…

Bill text, engrossed version (E)

The bill expands an offense that limits what Texans can post or send electronically, but only when the person intends harm or a threat of harm.

SIGNED FOR BY

House · 139 yea · 4 nay

Senate · 31 yea · 0 nay

Sources

House: Final passage · May 15, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate: Final passage · May 27, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

All floor motions and other positions below.

No flags

THANK YOU FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

Donors

Not tied to this bill.

Sources

The author's campaign account only. Own money and internal transfers are separate on the member page.

Derived itemized flow · Oct 31, 2024 to Oct 29, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Capital One Financial Corporation Associates Political Fund$5,000.00

Capital One Financial Corporation Associates Political Fund

$5,000.00

Cash
$5,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$5,000.00

Also funds 1 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Dec 14, 2024 to Jul 14, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Name match, not a verified identity: normalized filed name and state.

Sources

Derived itemized flow · on Jul 14, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101030508.

Murt Arnold$5,000.00
Jason Itkin$5,000.00
Money

Missing data does not establish zero giving. Display amounts are rounded.

×

Capital One Financial Corporation Associates Political Fund

$5,000.00

Cash
$5,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$5,000.00

Also funds 1 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Dec 14, 2024 to Jul 14, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Name match, not a verified identity: normalized filed name and state.

Sources

Derived itemized flow · on Jul 14, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101030508.

Votes5

Senate May 27, 2025

Yea
31
Nay
0
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

Sources

Senator Zaffirini moved that Senate Rule 7.18 and the Constitutional Rule requiring bills to be read on three several days be suspended and that HB 3425 be placed on its third reading and final passage. The motion prevailed by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0. The bill was read third time and was passed by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 31 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate May 27, 2025

Yea
31
Nay
0
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

Sources

Senator Zaffirini moved that Senate Rule 7.18 and the Constitutional Rule requiring bills to be read on three several days be suspended and that HB 3425 be placed on its third reading and final passage. The motion prevailed by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 31 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate May 27, 2025

Yea
Not printed
Nay
Not printed
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

Voice vote. No numeric tally or individual yeas are inferred.

Sources

The bill was read second time and was passed to third reading by a viva voce vote.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: Not printed
  • Nay: Not printed
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

House May 15, 2025

Yea
139
Nay
4
Present, not voting
2
Absent
2
Excused
3
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 2649

HB 3425 was passed by (Record 2649): 139 Yeas, 4 Nays, 2 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 139 (published)
  • Nay: 4 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 2 (published)
  • Absent: 2 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 3 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

House May 14, 2025

Yea
128
Nay
3
Present, not voting
3
Absent
6
Excused
10
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 2537

HB 3425 was passed to engrossment by (Record 2537): 128 Yeas, 3 Nays, 3 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 128 (published)
  • Nay: 3 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 3 (published)
  • Absent: 6 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 10 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Witnesses7
For
6
Against
0
On
1
Names

For

  • Combined Law Enforcement Associations of Texas (CLEAT)1 registration
  • Self; Comal County Criminal District Attorney1 registration
  • Self; Houston Police Officers’ Union1 registration
  • Sheriffs’ Association of Texas1 registration
  • Texas Municipal Police Association (TMPA)1 registration
  • Texas Police Chiefs Association1 registration

On

  • Self1 registration
Sources

7 parsed registrations across the loaded witness lists.

Derived stock of witness registrations. Repeated appearances count separately. Organizations and self-representation appear as printed.

House witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Fiscal

No significant fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version E · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version E · May 25, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

How this was graded

Analysis of text version E by claude-opus-5-5, Oct 22, 2026, against the published rubric.

FILED BEFORE

Filed 2 times: 88R and 89R. Checked against 88R only.

88R HB 611

by Rep. Capriglione, same lead author · Became law, effective Sep 1, 2023 · reworked

Introduced text

Last action, Jun 13, 2023: Effective on 9/1/23

Relating to the creation of the criminal offense of unlawful disclosure of residence address or telephone number.

Caption, 88R bill history

Sources

Texas House · Filed Feb 26, 2025

06/20/2025 E Effective on 9/1/25

Texas Legislature Online · Introduced · House Committee Report · Engrossed · Senate Committee Report · Enrolled

Data snapshot Oct 26, 2026 at 4:19 AM CDT. Grades, charges, quotes and corrections follow the published record.

Sponsors

House committee · Criminal Jurisprudence · Committee vote 11 aye, 0 nay · Out of committee

Senate committee · Criminal Justice · Committee vote 6 aye, 0 nay, 1 absent · Out of committee

Subjects

Crimes--Miscellaneous

Criminal Procedure--General

Protection of Personal Information

EMAIL & ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS

Text

The text as introduced · 729 words

89R9876 CJD-D

By: Capriglione
H.B. No. 3425

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to the prosecution of certain criminal offenses involving

the unlawful disclosure of a residence address or telephone number.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Sections 36.06(a-1) and (d), Penal Code, are

amended to read as follows:

(a-1) A person commits an offense if the person posts on a

publicly accessible website or discloses through an electronic

communication the residence address or telephone number of an

individual the actor knows is a public servant or a member of a

public servant's family or household with the intent to cause harm

or a threat of harm to the individual or a member of the

individual's family or household in retaliation for or on account

of the service or status of the individual as a public servant.

(d) For purposes of an offense under Subsection (a-1)

involving the posting of a residence address or telephone number on

a publicly accessible website , it is prima facie evidence of the

intent to cause harm or a threat of harm to an individual the person

knows is a public servant or a member of a public servant's family

or household if the actor:

(1) receives a written demand from the individual to

not disclose the address or telephone number for reasons of safety;

and

(2) either:

(A) fails to remove the address or telephone

number from the publicly accessible website within a period of 48

hours after receiving the demand; or

(B) reposts the address or telephone number on

the same or a different publicly accessible website, or makes the

information publicly available through another medium, within a

period of four years after receiving the demand, regardless of

whether the individual is no longer a public servant.

SECTION 2. Section 36.06(b), Penal Code, is amended by

amending Subdivision (1) and adding Subdivision (1-a) to read as

follows:

(1) "Electronic communication" has the meaning

assigned by Section 42.07.

(1-a) "Honorably retired peace officer" means a peace

officer who:

(A) did not retire in lieu of any disciplinary

action;

(B) was eligible to retire from a law enforcement

agency or was ineligible to retire only as a result of an injury

received in the course of the officer's employment with the agency;

and

(C) is entitled to receive a pension or annuity

for service as a law enforcement officer or is not entitled to

receive a pension or annuity only because the law enforcement

agency that employed the officer does not offer a pension or annuity

to its employees.

SECTION 3. Section 42.074, Penal Code, is amended by

amending Subsections (a), (b), and (c) and adding Subsection (e) to

read as follows:

(a) A person commits an offense if the person posts on a

publicly accessible website or discloses through an electronic

communication the residence address or telephone number of an

individual with the intent to cause harm or a threat of harm to the

individual or a member of the individual's family or household.

(b) An offense under this section is a Class B misdemeanor,

except that the offense is a Class A misdemeanor if the offense

results in the bodily injury of:

(1) the individual whose residence address or

telephone number was posted on a publicly accessible website or

disclosed through an electronic communication ; or

(2) a member of the individual's family or household.

(c) This section does not apply to a public servant who

posted information described by Subsection (a) to a publicly

accessible website or disclosed that information through an

electronic communication in the performance of the public servant's

duties as required by or in accordance with state or federal law.

(e) In this section, "electronic communication" has the

meaning assigned by Section 42.07.

SECTION 4. The changes in law made by this Act apply only to

an offense committed on or after the effective date of this Act. An

offense committed before the effective date of this Act is governed

by the law in effect on the date the offense was committed, and the

former law is continued in effect for that purpose. For purposes of

this section, an offense was committed before the effective date of

this Act if any element of the offense occurred before that date.

SECTION 5. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.