Monitoring the Session

HB 5439

Cain Alcohol Bill Also Widens The Employer Safe Harbor

Died in committee

Verdict: Smells

SmellsInitial review
Rep. Briscoe CainRHouse 128
Why it's charged
Caption mismatch

THE TEXT

“the employer has not directly [ or indirectly ]”…

Bill text, introduced version (I)

The caption talks about limiting damages and barring claims by drunk patrons. It does not mention that the bill also loosens the employer safe harbor, so an employer who indirectly encourages illegal sales keeps protection and only serving staff need seller training.

Caption mismatch

Initial review · graded Oct 20, 2026 · Headline, summary and grade are analysis of the bill text, not a finding about any person · How we grade

Caption

relating to limiting damages recoverable against alcohol beverage providers for providing alcohol to certain individuals and prohibiting claims by intoxicated persons or their estates for injuries or death resulting from their own intoxication.

Caption from analyzed text · version I.

Summary

Caption: damages and drunk patrons. Bill: only serving staff need seller training to keep employers covered.

The bill shields bars, restaurants and other licensed alcohol sellers from some lawsuits. It bars a drunk person or their estate from suing the seller over their own injury or death, it ends punitive damages under the dram shop chapter, and it widens the rule that keeps an employee's illegal sale from being blamed on the employer. Injured third parties can still sue, but sellers face smaller payouts and an easier safe harbor, starting with claims that arise on or after September 1, 2025.

Labels

Labels: NEVER GOT A HEARING. Filed Mar 14, 2025 and referred to the House Licensing & Administrative Procedures committee. No public hearing. The bill died.

Receipt

The receipt

89R-HB5439 · 2025-03-14

SOLD BY

ITEM

relating to limiting damages recoverable against alcohol beverage providers for providing alcohol to certain individuals and prohibiting claims by intoxicated persons or their estates for injuries or death resulting from their own intoxication.

WHAT IT DOES

Caption: damages and drunk patrons. Bill: only serving staff need seller training to keep employers covered.

The bill shields bars, restaurants and other licensed alcohol sellers from some lawsuits. It bars a drunk person or their estate from suing the seller over their own injury or death, it ends punitive damages under the dram shop chapter, and it widens the rule that keeps an employee's illegal sale from being blamed on the employer. Injured third parties can still sue, but sellers face smaller payouts and an easier safe harbor, starting with claims that arise on or after September 1, 2025.

CHARGES

[x] CAPTION MISMATCHanalysis confidence 55%

THE TEXT

“the employer has not directly [ or indirectly ]”…

Bill text, introduced version (I)

The caption talks about limiting damages and barring claims by drunk patrons. It does not mention that the bill also loosens the employer safe harbor, so an employer who indirectly encourages illegal sales keeps protection and only serving staff need seller training.

TOTAL

No fiscal note in the loaded record.

HISTORY

  1. Filed
  2. Read first time
  3. Referred to Licensing & Administrative Procedures
FILED UNDER

SPEECH AND LAWFARE

THE TEXT

…“shall have no cause of action against the provider for damages arising from personal injury or death sustained by the intoxicated person as a result of their own intoxication”

Bill text, introduced version (I)

The bill creates a lawsuit shield for licensed alcohol providers against claims by intoxicated customers and their estates, and it ends punitive damages under the dram shop chapter.

Smells

THANK YOU FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

Donors

Adam Loewy$7,500Emerson Hankamer$5,205Teans for Lawsuit Reform PAC$5K

Not tied to this bill.

Sources

The author's campaign account only. Own money and internal transfers are separate on the member page.

Derived itemized flow · Oct 28, 2024 to May 28, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Adam Loewy$7,500.00
Emerson Hankamer$5,205.08
Teans for Lawsuit Reform PAC$5,000.00

Teans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$5,000.00

Cash
$5,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$5,000.00

Also funds 0 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · on Jul 3, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Name match, not a verified identity: normalized filed name and state.

Sources

Derived itemized flow · on Jul 3, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101033926.

Money

Missing data does not establish zero giving. Display amounts are rounded.

×

Teans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$5,000.00

Cash
$5,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$5,000.00

Also funds 0 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · on Jul 3, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Name match, not a verified identity: normalized filed name and state.

Sources

Derived itemized flow · on Jul 3, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101033926.

Votes

No floor vote loaded for this bill.

Fiscal

No fiscal note in the loaded record.

How this was graded

Analysis of text version I by claude-opus-5-5, Oct 20, 2026, against the published rubric.

Sources

Texas House · Filed Mar 14, 2025

04/07/2025 H Referred to Licensing & Administrative Procedures: Apr 7 2025 5:28PM

Texas Legislature Online · Introduced

Data snapshot Oct 26, 2026 at 4:19 AM CDT. Grades, charges, quotes and corrections follow the published record.

House committee · Licensing & Administrative Procedures · Final status: Died in committee

Subjects

Alcoholic Beverage Regulation

Civil Remedies & Liabilities

Text

The text as introduced · 531 words

By: Cain
H.B. No. 5439

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to limiting damages recoverable against alcohol beverage

providers for providing alcohol to certain individuals and

prohibiting claims by intoxicated persons or their estates for

injuries or death resulting from their own intoxication.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Section 106.14(a), Alcoholic Beverage Code, is

amended by amending Subsection (a) and adding Subsection (a-1) as

follows:

(a) For purposes of this chapter and any other provision of

this code relating to the sales, service, dispensing, or delivery

of alcoholic beverages to a person who is not a member of a private

club on the club premises, a minor, or an intoxicated person or the

consumption of alcoholic beverages by a person who is not a member

of a private club on the club premises, a minor, or an intoxicated

person, the actions of an employee shall not be attributable to the

employer if:

(1) the employer requires its employees to attend a

commission-approved seller training program;

(2) the employee has actually attended such a training

program; and

(3) the employer has not directly [ or indirectly ]

encouraged the employee to violate such law.

(a-1) For the purposes of this section, "employees" means

those employees that serve alcohol as part of their employment. The

term "employees" does not include those that do not serve alcohol as

part of their employment, including, but not limited to, cooks,

hosts, food runners, and dishwashers.

SECTION 2. Sections 2.01(2), Alcoholic Beverage Code, is

amended to read as follows:

(2) "Provision" includes, but is not limited to, the

sale or service of an alcoholic beverage. "Provision" does not

include the sale or service of food, beverages, or other items that

do not contain alcohol.

SECTION 3. Section 2.03, Alcoholic Beverage Code, is

amended by adding Subsection (d) to read as follows:

(d) Exemplary damages are not recoverable for a violation of

this chapter.

SECTION 4. Chapter 2, Alcoholic Beverage Code, is amended

by adding Section 2.04 to read as follows:

Sec. 2.04. RECOVERY BY INTOXICATED PERSONS. (a)

Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, a person who

becomes intoxicated as a result of consuming alcoholic beverages

provided by a provider licensed under this code, or their heirs,

assigns, or estate, shall have no cause of action against the

provider for damages arising from personal injury or death

sustained by the intoxicated person as a result of their own

intoxication.

(b) This limitation of liability does not affect the right

of an injured third party to bring a cause of action against a

provider under this chapter, nor does it affect the liability of an

adult that serves alcohol to a minor in violation of this chapter.

SECTION 5. The change in law made by this Act applies only

to a cause of action that accrues on or after the effective date of

this Act. A cause of action that accrues before the effective date

of this Act is governed by the law in effect immediately before that

date, and that law is continued in effect for that purpose.

SECTION 6. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.