Monitoring the Session

HB 581

González Bill Puts 18-Plus Age Checks On Sexual Image Tools

Became law, effective Sep 1, 2025

Verdict: No flags

No flagsInitial review
Rep. Mary E. GonzálezDHouse 75

Initial review · graded Oct 22, 2026 · Headline, summary and grade are analysis of the bill text, not a finding about any person · How we grade

Caption

relating to the creation of artificial sexual material harmful to minors.

Caption from analyzed text · version E.

Summary

Anyone pictured must be a consenting adult. Penalties run up to $10K a day.

The bill requires businesses that run websites or apps offering public tools to make sexual images of real, recognizable people to check that users are 18 or older. It also requires those businesses to make sure anyone whose face or body is used is an adult who has agreed to it, and it bars keeping users' ID information. Violations can bring state civil penalties of up to $10,000 a day, plus up to $250,000 if a minor gets access, starting September 1, 2025.

Labels

Labels: CROSS-PARTY HANDOFF. Lead author Mary E. González (D) in the House. Lead sponsor Bryan Hughes (R) in the Senate. Party as the Legislative Reference Library lists it for the 89th Legislature.

Receipt

The receipt

89R-HB581 · 2024-11-12

SOLD BY

+ 1 coauthor

ITEM

relating to the creation of artificial sexual material harmful to minors.

WHAT IT DOES

Anyone pictured must be a consenting adult. Penalties run up to $10K a day.

The bill requires businesses that run websites or apps offering public tools to make sexual images of real, recognizable people to check that users are 18 or older. It also requires those businesses to make sure anyone whose face or body is used is an adult who has agreed to it, and it bars keeping users' ID information. Violations can bring state civil penalties of up to $10,000 a day, plus up to $250,000 if a minor gets access, starting September 1, 2025.

CHARGES

[ ] NONE FOUND

TOTAL

No significant fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version F · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version F · May 23, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

HISTORY

  1. Filed
  2. Read first time
  3. Referred to Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence
  4. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  5. Considered in public hearing
  6. Testimony taken/registration(s) recorded in committee
  7. Left pending in committee
  8. Considered in public hearing
  9. Reported favorably w/o amendment(s)
  10. Comte report filed with Committee Coordinator
  11. Committee report distributed
  12. Committee report sent to Calendars
  13. Considered in Calendars
  14. Placed on General State Calendar
  15. Read 2nd time
  16. Passed to engrossment
  17. Record vote RV#426
  18. Read 3rd time
  19. Passed
  20. Record vote RV#471
  21. Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal
  22. Reported engrossed
  23. Received from the House
  24. Read first time
  25. Referred to State Affairs
  26. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  27. Considered in public hearing
  28. Left pending in committee
  29. Considered in public hearing
  30. Vote taken in committee
  31. Reported favorably w/o amendments
  32. Recommended for local & uncontested calendar
  33. Committee report printed and distributed
  34. Co-sponsor authorized
  35. Placed on intent calendar
  36. Rules suspended-Regular order of business
  37. Read 2nd time
  38. Amendment(s) offered FA1 Hughes
  39. Amended
  40. Vote recorded in Journal
  41. Passed to 3rd reading as amended
  42. Vote recorded in Journal
  43. Three day rule suspended
  44. Record vote
  45. Read 3rd time
  46. Passed
  47. Record vote
  48. Senate passage as amended reported
  49. Senate Amendments distributed
  50. Senate Amendments Analysis distributed
  51. House concurs in Senate amendment(s)
  52. Record vote RV#3951
  53. Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal
  54. Text of Senate Amendment(s)
  55. House concurs in Senate amendment(s)-reported
  56. Reported enrolled
  57. Signed in the House
  58. Signed in the Senate
  59. Sent to the Governor
  60. Signed by the Governor
  61. Effective on 9/1/25
FILED UNDER

SPEECH AND LAWFARE

THE TEXT

…“sexual material harmful to minors shall ensure that an individual”…

Bill text, engrossed version (E)

The bill regulates online image-making tools by requiring age checks and source consent, enforced through daily civil penalties against the businesses that offer them.

SIGNED FOR BY

House · 146 yea · 0 nay

Senate · 31 yea · 0 nay

Sources

House: Final passage · Apr 24, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate: Final passage · May 22, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

All floor motions and other positions below.

No flags

THANK YOU FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

Donors

Not tied to this bill.

Sources

The author's campaign account only. Own money and internal transfers are separate on the member page.

Derived itemized flow · Jul 16, 2024 to Jun 13, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Texas Trial Lawyers Association PAC$10,000.00

Texas Trial Lawyers Association PAC

$10,000.00

Cash
$10,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$10,000.00

Also funds 137 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 24, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Dec 11, 2024 to Mar 30, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100985912, 101032788, 101058648.

Coalition for Working Families PAC$10,000.00

Coalition for Working Families PAC

$10,000.00

Cash
$10,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$10,000.00

Also funds 24 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Dec 25, 2025 to Oct 15, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · on Jan 5, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101058648.

Texas Sands PAC$8,000.00

Texas Sands PAC

$8,000.00

Cash
$8,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$8,000.00

Also funds 121 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 3, 2024 to Oct 24, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Jul 22, 2024 to Dec 9, 2024. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100985912.

Money

Missing data does not establish zero giving. Display amounts are rounded.

×

Texas Trial Lawyers Association PAC

$10,000.00

Cash
$10,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$10,000.00

Also funds 137 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 24, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Dec 11, 2024 to Mar 30, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100985912, 101032788, 101058648.

×

Coalition for Working Families PAC

$10,000.00

Cash
$10,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$10,000.00

Also funds 24 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Dec 25, 2025 to Oct 15, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · on Jan 5, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101058648.

×

Texas Sands PAC

$8,000.00

Cash
$8,000.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$8,000.00

Also funds 121 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 3, 2024 to Oct 24, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Jul 22, 2024 to Dec 9, 2024. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100985912.

Votes6

House May 28, 2025

Yea
133
Nay
1
Present, not voting
2
Absent
6
Excused
8
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 3951

Representative M. González moved to concur in the senate amendments to HB 581. The motion to concur in the senate amendments to HB 581 prevailed by (Record 3951): 133 Yeas, 1 Nays, 2 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 133 (published)
  • Nay: 1 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 2 (published)
  • Absent: 6 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 8 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate May 22, 2025

Yea
31
Nay
0
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

Sources

Senator Hughes moved that Senate Rule 7.18 and the Constitutional Rule requiring bills to be read on three several days be suspended and that HB 581 be placed on its third reading and final passage. The motion prevailed by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0. The bill was read third time and was passed by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 31 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate May 22, 2025

Yea
31
Nay
0
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

Sources

Senator Hughes moved that Senate Rule 7.18 and the Constitutional Rule requiring bills to be read on three several days be suspended and that HB 581 be placed on its third reading and final passage. The motion prevailed by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 31 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate May 22, 2025

Yea
Not printed
Nay
Not printed
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

Voice vote. No numeric tally or individual yeas are inferred.

Sources

HB 581 as amended was passed to third reading by a viva voce vote.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: Not printed
  • Nay: Not printed
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

House Apr 24, 2025

Yea
146
Nay
0
Present, not voting
2
Absent
1
Excused
1
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 471

HB 581 was passed by (Record 471): 146 Yeas, 0 Nays, 2 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 146 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 2 (published)
  • Absent: 1 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 1 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

House Apr 23, 2025

Yea
149
Nay
0
Present, not voting
1
Absent
0
Excused
0
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 426

HB 581 was passed to engrossment by (Record 426): 149 Yeas, 0 Nays, 1 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 149 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 1 (published)
  • Absent: 0 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 0 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Witnesses23
For
21
Against
0
On
2
Names

For

  • Children at Risk1 registration
  • City of Corpus Christi1 registration
  • Dallas Police Association1 registration
  • David’s Legacy Foundation1 registration
  • El Paso County2 registrations
  • Harris County Deputies' Organization FOP #391 registration
  • Harris County Deputies’ Organization FOP #391 registration
  • Public Citizen1 registration
  • Self4 registrations
  • Self; Houston Police Officers’ Union1 registration
  • Self; Houston Police Retired Officers Assoc1 registration
  • Self; Public Citizen1 registration
  • Self; Texas Family Project1 registration
  • Self; TexProtects1 registration
  • Texas Municipal Police Association (TMPA)1 registration
  • Texas Pediatric Society1 registration
  • TMPA1 registration

On

  • Department of Public Safety1 registration
  • TechNet1 registration
Sources

23 parsed registrations across the loaded witness lists.

Derived stock of witness registrations. Repeated appearances count separately. Organizations and self-representation appear as printed.

House witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Senate witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Fiscal

No significant fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version F · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version F · May 23, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

How this was graded

Analysis of text version E by claude-opus-5-5, Oct 22, 2026, against the published rubric.

Sources

Texas House · Filed Nov 12, 2024

06/20/2025 E Effective on 9/1/25

Texas Legislature Online · Introduced · House Committee Report · Engrossed · Senate Committee Report · Enrolled

Data snapshot Oct 26, 2026 at 4:19 AM CDT. Grades, charges, quotes and corrections follow the published record.

Coauthors
Sponsors
Cosponsors

House committee · Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence · Committee vote 11 aye, 0 nay · Out of committee

Senate committee · State Affairs · Committee vote 11 aye, 0 nay · Out of committee

Subjects

Artificial Intelligence (IQ7C5)

Business & Commerce--Trade Practices

Civil Remedies & Liabilities

Minors--Health & Safety

INTERNET

Text

The text as introduced · 672 words

89R1461 SCL-D

By: González of El Paso
H.B. No. 581

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to the creation of artificial sexual material harmful to

minors.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. The heading to Chapter 129B, Civil Practice and

Remedies Code, is amended to read as follows:

CHAPTER 129B. LIABILITY RELATED TO SEXUAL MATERIAL HARMFUL TO [ FOR

ALLOWING ] MINORS [ TO ACCESS PORNOGRAPHIC MATERIAL ]

SECTION 2. Section 129B.001, Civil Practice and Remedies

Code, is amended by amending Subdivision (1) and adding Subdivision

(1-a) to read as follows:

(1) "Artificial sexual material harmful to minors"

means computer-generated sexual material harmful to minors that was

produced, adapted, or modified using an artificial intelligence

application or other computer software in which a person is

recognizable as an actual person by the person's face, likeness, or

other distinguishing characteristic, such as a unique birthmark or

other recognizable feature.

(1-a) "Commercial entity" includes a corporation,

limited liability company, partnership, limited partnership, sole

proprietorship, or other legally recognized business entity.

SECTION 3. The heading to Section 129B.002, Civil Practice

and Remedies Code, is amended to read as follows:

Sec. 129B.002. PUBLICATION AND CREATION OF MATERIAL HARMFUL

TO MINORS.

SECTION 4. Section 129B.002, Civil Practice and Remedies

Code, is amended by adding Subsection (a-1) and amending Subsection

(b) to read as follows:

(a-1) A commercial entity that operates an Internet website

with a publicly accessible tool for creating artificial sexual

material harmful to minors or otherwise makes publicly available an

application for creating sexual material harmful to minors shall

use reasonable age verification methods as described by Section

129B.003 to verify an individual attempting to access the tool is 18

years of age or older.

(b) A commercial entity that performs the age verification

required by Subsection (a) or (a-1) or a third party that performs

the age verification required by Subsection (a) or (a-1) may not

retain any identifying information of the individual.

SECTION 5. Section 129B.003(b), Civil Practice and Remedies

Code, is amended to read as follows:

(b) A commercial entity required to use reasonable age

verification methods under Section 129B.002 [ that knowingly and

intentionally publishes or distributes material on an Internet

website ] or a third party that performs age verification under this

chapter shall require an individual to:

(1) provide digital identification; or

(2) comply with a commercial age verification system

that verifies age using:

(A) government-issued identification; or

(B) a commercially reasonable method that relies

on public or private transactional data to verify the age of an

individual.

SECTION 6. Chapter 129B, Civil Practice and Remedies Code,

is amended by adding Section 129B.0045 to read as follows:

Sec. 129B.0045. REQUIREMENTS FOR SOURCES OF ARTIFICIAL

SEXUAL MATERIAL HARMFUL TO MINORS. A commercial entity that

operates an Internet website with a publicly accessible tool for

creating artificial sexual material harmful to minors or otherwise

makes publicly available an application for creating artificial

sexual material harmful to minors shall ensure that an individual

used as a source for the material:

(1) is 18 years of age or older; and

(2) has consented to the use of the individual's face

and body as a source for the material.

SECTION 7. Section 129B.006(b), Civil Practice and Remedies

Code, is amended to read as follows:

(b) A civil penalty imposed under this section for a

violation of Section 129B.002 , [ or ] 129B.003 , or 129B.0045 may be

in an amount equal to not more than the total, if applicable, of:

(1) $10,000 per day that the entity operates an

Internet website or makes available an application in violation of

the age verification requirements of this chapter;

(2) $10,000 per instance when the entity retains

identifying information in violation of Section 129B.002(b); and

(3) if, because of the entity's violation of the age

verification requirements of this chapter, one or more minors

accesses sexual material harmful to minors, an additional amount of

not more than $250,000.

SECTION 8. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.