Monitoring the Session

SB 231

King Bill Caps Utility Backup Generators At Five Megawatts

Became law

Verdict: No flags

No flagsInitial review
Sen. Phil KingRSenate 10

Initial review · graded Oct 22, 2026 · Headline, summary and grade are analysis of the bill text, not a finding about any person · How we grade

Caption

relating to temporary emergency electric energy facilities.

Caption from analyzed text · version F.

Summary

Short on capacity mid-outage? Skip the bid, justify it in the next rate case.

The bill tightens the rules for the mobile backup generators that power line companies may lease to restore power during big outages. It applies to transmission and distribution utilities and the Public Utility Commission, requiring that leased units be mobile, movable within 12 hours, able to run within three hours, and no larger than five megawatts, and that leases always be competitively bid and approved by the commission in advance or be open to change by commission order. During an actual outage, a utility that lacks enough leased capacity can lease without bidding or prior approval, but it must justify the amount in its next base rate case, and older leases stay under the old rules.

Labels

Labels: INSTANT LAW. Took effect immediately, on Jun 20, 2025. 833 of the 1,185 graded 89R laws took effect Sep 1, 2025 (derived from the bill histories, snapshot Oct 19, 2026).

Receipt

The receipt

89R-SB231 · 2024-11-12

SOLD BY

+ 2 coauthors

ITEM

relating to temporary emergency electric energy facilities.

WHAT IT DOES

Short on capacity mid-outage? Skip the bid, justify it in the next rate case.

The bill tightens the rules for the mobile backup generators that power line companies may lease to restore power during big outages. It applies to transmission and distribution utilities and the Public Utility Commission, requiring that leased units be mobile, movable within 12 hours, able to run within three hours, and no larger than five megawatts, and that leases always be competitively bid and approved by the commission in advance or be open to change by commission order. During an actual outage, a utility that lacks enough leased capacity can lease without bidding or prior approval, but it must justify the amount in its next base rate case, and older leases stay under the old rules.

CHARGES

[ ] NONE FOUND

TOTAL

No significant fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version E · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version E · May 8, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

HISTORY

  1. Received by the Secretary of the Senate
  2. Filed
  3. Read first time
  4. Referred to Business & Commerce
  5. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  6. Considered in public hearing
  7. Testimony taken in committee
  8. Left pending in committee
  9. Co-author authorized
  10. Considered in public hearing
  11. Vote taken in committee
  12. Reported favorably as substituted
  13. Recommended for local & uncontested calendar
  14. Committee report printed and distributed
  15. Placed on local & uncontested calendar
  16. Laid before the Senate
  17. Read 2nd time & passed to engrossment
  18. Vote recorded in Journal
  19. Three day rule suspended
  20. Record vote
  21. Read 3rd time
  22. Passed
  23. Record vote
  24. Reported engrossed
  25. Received from the Senate
  26. Read first time
  27. Referred to State Affairs
  28. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  29. Considered in public hearing
  30. Committee substitute considered in committee
  31. Testimony taken/registration(s) recorded in committee
  32. Left pending in committee
  33. Considered in formal meeting
  34. Reported favorably w/o amendment(s)
  35. Comte report filed with Committee Coordinator
  36. Committee report distributed
  37. Committee report sent to Calendars
  38. Considered in Calendars
  39. Placed on General State Calendar
  40. Read 2nd time
  41. Passed to 3rd reading
  42. Record vote RV#3107
  43. Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal
  44. Read 3rd time
  45. Passed
  46. Record vote RV#3154
  47. House passage reported
  48. Reported enrolled
  49. Signed in the Senate
  50. Signed in the House
  51. Sent to the Governor
  52. Signed by the Governor
  53. Effective immediately
FILED UNDER

DATA CENTERS, WATER AND THE GRID

THE TEXT

“shall provide documentation to justify the amount of leased generating capacity during the first base rate proceeding after the date the lease begins”

Bill text, enrolled version (F)

The bill sets how utilities lease emergency grid generation and makes them justify emergency leases in the rate case where customers' costs are set.

SIGNED FOR BY

House · 145 yea · 0 nay

Senate · 31 yea · 0 nay

Sources

House: Final passage · May 21, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate: Final passage · Apr 16, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

All floor motions and other positions below.

No flags

THANK YOU FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

Donors

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC$30KErle Nye, Jr.$20,000Gideon Powell$20,000

Not tied to this bill.

Sources

The author's campaign account only. Own money and internal transfers are separate on the member page.

Derived itemized flow · Oct 27, 2024 to Jun 30, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC$30,300.00

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$30,300.00

Cash
$30,000.00
Paid by others
$300.00
Total
$30,300.00
fundraiser $300.00

Also funds 124 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 10, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Dec 12, 2024 to Sep 26, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100982783, 101007450, 101026985.

Erle Nye, Jr.$20,000.00
Gideon Powell$20,000.00
Money

Missing data does not establish zero giving. Display amounts are rounded.

×

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$30,300.00

Cash
$30,000.00
Paid by others
$300.00
Total
$30,300.00
fundraiser $300.00

Also funds 124 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 10, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Dec 12, 2024 to Sep 26, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100982783, 101007450, 101026985.

Votes5

House May 21, 2025

Yea
145
Nay
0
Present, not voting
2
Absent
1
Excused
2
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 3154

SB 231 was passed by (Record 3154): 145 Yeas, 0 Nays, 2 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 145 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 2 (published)
  • Absent: 1 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 2 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

House May 20, 2025

Yea
129
Nay
0
Present, not voting
2
Absent
3
Excused
16
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 3107

SB 231 was passed to third reading by (Record 3107): 129 Yeas, 0 Nays, 2 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 129 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 2 (published)
  • Absent: 3 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 16 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate Apr 16, 2025

Final passage

Yea
31
Nay
0
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

The journal row lists three votes in order: passage to engrossment, suspension of the three-day rule, and final passage. This entry records final passage. Repeated tallies belong to separate votes.

Sources

CSSB 231 (King) Relating to temporary emergency electric energy facilities. (viva voce vote) (31-0) (31-0)

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 31 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate Apr 16, 2025

Suspension of the three-day rule

Yea
31
Nay
0
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

The journal row lists three votes in order: passage to engrossment, suspension of the three-day rule, and final passage. This entry records suspension of the three-day rule. Repeated tallies belong to separate votes.

Sources

CSSB 231 (King) Relating to temporary emergency electric energy facilities. (viva voce vote) (31-0) (31-0)

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 31 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate Apr 16, 2025

Passage to engrossment

Yea
Not printed
Nay
Not printed
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

The journal row lists three votes in order: passage to engrossment, suspension of the three-day rule, and final passage. This entry records passage to engrossment. Repeated tallies belong to separate votes.

Voice vote. No numeric tally or individual yeas are inferred.

Sources

CSSB 231 (King) Relating to temporary emergency electric energy facilities. (viva voce vote) (31-0) (31-0)

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: Not printed
  • Nay: Not printed
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Witnesses11
For
6
Against
0
On
5
Names

For

  • Calpine1 registration
  • Lone Star Chapter Sierra Club1 registration
  • Sierra Club Lone Star Chapter1 registration
  • Steering Committee of Cities Served by Oncor1 registration
  • Texas Coalition for Affordable Power1 registration
  • Texas Consumer Association1 registration

On

  • CenterPoint Energy1 registration
  • Public Utility Commission of Texas2 registrations
  • Texas Consumer Association1 registration
  • Texas Reliabilty Coalition1 registration
Sources

11 parsed registrations across the loaded witness lists.

Derived stock of witness registrations. Repeated appearances count separately. Organizations and self-representation appear as printed.

House witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Senate witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Fiscal

No significant fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version E · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version E · May 8, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

How this was graded

Analysis of text version F by claude-opus-5-5, Oct 22, 2026, against the published rubric.

Sources

Texas Senate · Filed Nov 12, 2024

06/20/2025 E Effective immediately

Texas Legislature Online · Introduced · Senate Committee Report · Engrossed · House Committee Report · Enrolled

Data snapshot Oct 26, 2026 at 4:19 AM CDT. Grades, charges, quotes and corrections follow the published record.

Coauthors
Sponsors

House committee · State Affairs · Committee vote 15 aye, 0 nay · Out of committee

Senate committee · Business & Commerce · Committee vote 10 aye, 0 nay, 1 absent · Out of committee

Subjects

Energy--General

Utilities--Electric

PUBLIC UTILITY COMMISSION

Text

The text as introduced · 638 words

89R6242 CS-D

By: King
S.B. No. 231

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to temporary emergency energy facilities.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Section 39.918, Utilities Code, is amended by

amending Subsections (d) and (f) and adding Subsections (f-1),

(f-2), and (f-3) to read as follows:

(d) A facility [ Facilities ] described by Subsection (b)(1):

(1) must be operated in isolation from the bulk power

system; [ and ]

(2) may not be included in independent system

operator:

(A) locational marginal pricing calculations;

(B) pricing; or

(C) reliability models ;

(3) must be:

(A) mobile;

(B) capable of being moved without a permit

required for superheavy, oversized, overweight, or overlength

equipment, commodities, or vehicles under Subtitle E, Title 7,

Transportation Code; and

(C) capable of generating electric energy within

three hours of being connected to a demand source; and

(4) must have a maximum generation capacity of not

more than five megawatts .

(f) A transmission and distribution utility shall[ , when

reasonably practicable, ] use a competitive bidding process to lease

facilities under Subsection (b)(1).

(f-1) A transmission and distribution utility may not enter

into a lease under Subsection (b)(1) unless:

(1) the commission first approves the lease in a rate

proceeding or a separate contested case hearing; or

(2) the lease includes a provision that allows

alteration of the lease based on commission order or rule.

(f-2) Notwithstanding Subsections (f) and (f-1)(1), a

transmission and distribution utility may enter into a lease under

Subsection (b)(1) without competitive bidding or prior commission

approval if:

(1) the transmission and distribution utility lacks

the leased generating capacity necessary to aid in restoring power

to the utility's customers during a significant power outage; and

(2) the amount of leased generating capacity does not

significantly exceed the amount of megawatts necessary to restore

electric service to the utility's customers during a significant

power outage.

(f-3) A transmission and distribution utility that enters

into a lease in the manner provided by Subsection (f-2) shall

provide documentation to justify the amount of leased generating

capacity during the first base rate proceeding after the date the

lease begins.

SECTION 2. (a) Not later than the 30th day after the

effective date of this Act, the Public Utility Commission of Texas

shall initiate a proceeding under Chapter 36, Utilities Code, to

review the rates of a transmission and distribution utility,

including the rate of return on investment established in the

commission's final order in the utility's most recent base rate

proceeding, that:

(1) leased a facility to provide temporary emergency

electric energy under Section 39.918, Utilities Code, before the

effective date of this Act; and

(2) did not deploy the facility to provide emergency

electric energy to the utility's customers during a significant

power outage that occurred during a major disaster declared by the

president of the United States under the Robert T. Stafford

Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. Section

5121 et seq.) in 2024.

(b) If, during the proceeding initiated under Subsection

(a) of this section, the Public Utility Commission of Texas

determines that any rate charged or cost incurred by the

transmission and distribution utility is unreasonable or not

prudent based on a failure to deploy a leased facility as described

by Subsection (a) of this section or based on any other factor, the

commission shall:

(1) revise the utility's rate of return on investment

accordingly; or

(2) order the utility to refund to customers any

amount improperly recovered.

SECTION 3. This Act takes effect immediately if it receives

a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, as

provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution. If this

Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate effect, this

Act takes effect September 1, 2025.