Monitoring the Session

SB 659

bill makes smuggling with government resources a first-degree felony

Did not pass

Verdict: No flags

No flagsInitial review
Sen. Charles SchwertnerRSenate 5

Initial review · graded Oct 20, 2026 · Headline, summary and grade are analysis of the bill text, not a finding about any person · How we grade

Caption

relating to the punishment for the offense of smuggling of persons through the use of government resources.

Caption from analyzed text · version I.

Summary

At least 10 years in prison.

The bill raises the penalty for one kind of smuggling of persons to a first-degree felony with at least 10 years in prison. It applies when the offense falls under Subsection (a)(2) of the smuggling law and the person used government resources to help commit it. Starting September 1, 2025, anyone convicted in that situation faces the top felony tier instead of the lower tiers that applied before.

Labels

Labels: GOT HALFWAY. Passed the Senate on Apr 30, 2025. Died in the House: voted out of the Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs committee 6-0, no floor vote.

Receipt

The receipt

89R-SB659 · 2024-12-19

SOLD BY

ITEM

relating to the punishment for the offense of smuggling of persons through the use of government resources.

WHAT IT DOES

At least 10 years in prison.

The bill raises the penalty for one kind of smuggling of persons to a first-degree felony with at least 10 years in prison. It applies when the offense falls under Subsection (a)(2) of the smuggling law and the person used government resources to help commit it. Starting September 1, 2025, anyone convicted in that situation faces the top felony tier instead of the lower tiers that applied before.

CHARGES

[ ] NONE FOUND

TOTAL

No significant fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version S · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version S · April 23, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

HISTORY

  1. Received by the Secretary of the Senate
  2. Filed
  3. Read first time
  4. Referred to Criminal Justice
  5. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  6. Considered in public hearing
  7. Testimony taken in committee
  8. Vote taken in committee
  9. Reported favorably as substituted
  10. Recommended for local & uncontested calendar
  11. Committee report printed and distributed
  12. Placed on intent calendar
  13. Rules suspended-Regular order of business
  14. Record vote
  15. Read 2nd time & passed to engrossment
  16. Record vote
  17. Three day rule suspended
  18. Record vote
  19. Read 3rd time
  20. Passed
  21. Record vote
  22. Reported engrossed
  23. Received from the Senate
  24. Read first time
  25. Referred to Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs
  26. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  27. Considered in public hearing
  28. Testimony taken/registration(s) recorded in committee
  29. Reported favorably w/o amendment(s)
  30. Comte report filed with Committee Coordinator
  31. Committee report distributed
  32. Committee report sent to Calendars
FILED UNDER

No verified beat found.

SIGNED FOR BY

Senate · 27 yea · 4 nay

Sources

Senate: Final passage · Apr 30, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

All floor motions and other positions below.

No flags

THANK YOU FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

Donors

Donors report through Texans for Charles Schwertner.

Not tied to this bill.

Sources

The author's campaign account only. Own money and internal transfers are separate on the member page.

Derived itemized flow · Jul 1, 2024 to Oct 24, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Money

Missing data does not establish zero giving. Display amounts are rounded.

Votes4

Senate Apr 30, 2025

Yea
27
Nay
4
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
0
Excused
0
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

Senate journal

Sources

The bill was read third time and was passed by the following vote: Yeas 27, Nays 4. (Same as previous roll call)

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 27 (published)
  • Nay: 4 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: 0 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 0 (derived from named list)

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate Apr 30, 2025

Yea
27
Nay
4
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
0
Excused
0
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

Senate journal

Sources

Senator Schwertner moved that Senate Rule 7.18 and the Constitutional Rule requiring bills to be read on three several days be suspended and that CSSB 659 be placed on its third reading and final passage. The motion prevailed by the following vote: Yeas 27, Nays 4.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 27 (published)
  • Nay: 4 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: 0 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 0 (derived from named list)

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate Apr 30, 2025

Yea
27
Nay
4
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
0
Excused
0
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

Senate journal

Sources

The bill was read second time and was passed to engrossment by the following vote: Yeas 27, Nays 4. (Same as previous roll call)

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 27 (published)
  • Nay: 4 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: 0 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 0 (derived from named list)

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate Apr 30, 2025

Yea
27
Nay
4
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
0
Excused
0
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

Senate journal

Sources

Senator Schwertner moved to suspend the regular order of business to take up for consideration CSSB 659 at this time on its second reading: CSSB 659, Relating to the prosecution and punishment of the offense of smuggling of persons. The motion prevailed by the following vote: Yeas 27, Nays 4.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 27 (published)
  • Nay: 4 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: 0 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 0 (derived from named list)

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Witnesses13
For
11
Against
2
On
0
Names

For

  • Center for Security Policy1 registration
  • Combined Law Enforcement Associations of Texas (CLEAT)1 registration
  • Dallas Police Assoc1 registration
  • Self; Houston Police Officers’ Union2 registrations
  • Self; Sheriffs’ Association of Texas1 registration
  • Sheriffs’ Association of Texas1 registration
  • Texas Municipal Police Association (TMPA)2 registrations
  • Texas Public Policy Foundation2 registrations

Against

  • Texas Civil Rights Project2 registrations
Sources

13 parsed registrations across the loaded witness lists.

Derived stock of witness registrations. Repeated appearances count separately. Organizations and self-representation appear as printed.

House witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Senate witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Fiscal

No significant fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version S · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version S · April 23, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

How this was graded

Analysis of text version I by claude-opus-5-5, Oct 20, 2026, against the published rubric.

Sources

Texas Senate · Filed Dec 19, 2024

05/19/2025 H Committee report sent to Calendars

Texas Legislature Online · Introduced · Senate Committee Report · Engrossed · House Committee Report

Data snapshot Oct 26, 2026 at 4:20 AM CDT. Grades, charges, quotes and corrections follow the published record.

Sponsors

House committee · Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs · Committee vote 6 aye, 0 nay, 5 absent · Out of committee

Senate committee · Criminal Justice · Committee vote 6 aye, 0 nay, 1 absent · Out of committee

Subjects

Crimes--Against Persons--General

Criminal Procedure--Sentencing & Punishment

State Employees

HUMAN TRAFFICKING

Text

The text as introduced · 392 words

89R6257 JDK-D

By: Schwertner
S.B. No. 659

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to the punishment for the offense of smuggling of persons

through the use of government resources.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Section 20.05(b), Penal Code, is amended to read

as follows:

(b) Subject to Subsections (b-1) and (b-2), an offense under

this section is a felony of the third degree with a term of

imprisonment of 10 years, except that the offense is:

(1) a felony of the second degree with a minimum term

of imprisonment of 10 years if:

(A) the actor commits the offense in a manner

that creates a substantial likelihood that the smuggled individual

will suffer serious bodily injury or death;

(B) the smuggled individual is a child younger

than 18 years of age at the time of the offense;

(C) the offense was committed with the intent to

obtain a pecuniary benefit;

(D) during the commission of the offense the

actor, another party to the offense, or an individual assisted,

guided, or directed by the actor knowingly possessed a firearm; or

(E) the actor commits the offense under

Subsection (a)(1)(B); or

(2) a felony of the first degree with a minimum term of

imprisonment of 10 years if:

(A) it is shown on the trial of the offense that,

as a direct result of the commission of the offense, the smuggled

individual became a victim of sexual assault, as defined by Section

22.011, or aggravated sexual assault, as defined by Section 22.021;

[ or ]

(B) the smuggled individual suffered serious

bodily injury or death ; or

(C) the offense is committed under Subsection

(a)(2) and the actor used government resources to facilitate the

commission of the offense .

SECTION 2. The change in law made by this Act applies only

to an offense committed on or after the effective date of this Act.

An offense committed before the effective date of this Act is

governed by the law in effect on the date the offense was committed,

and the former law is continued in effect for that purpose. For

purposes of this section, an offense was committed before the

effective date of this Act if any element of the offense occurred

before that date.

SECTION 3. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.