Monitoring the Session

HB 128

Orr’s Sister-City Ban Hinges On A Private Nonprofit’s Recognition

Became law, effective Sep 1, 2025

Verdict: Smells

SmellsReviewed
Rep. Angelia OrrRHouse 13
Why it's charged
The hole

THE TEXT

“is recognized by a nonprofit organization”…

Bill text, engrossed version (E)

The ban only covers a "sister-city agreement" as defined, and that definition requires recognition by a national tax-exempt nonprofit. A government could keep a partnership with a city in an adversary country, and stay outside the ban, simply by never having it recognized by that private group.

The hole

Reviewed · Nov 1, 2026 · Headline, summary and grade are analysis of the bill text, not a finding about any person · How we grade

Caption

relating to certain sister-city agreements between governmental entities and foreign countries and communities.

Caption from analyzed text · version E.

Summary

Pull out by October 1, 2025. Never recognized by a nonprofit? Outside the ban!

The bill bars Texas state agencies, cities, counties and other local governments from starting, keeping or renewing sister-city agreements with China, Iran, North Korea, Russia, or any country on the state's designated-country list. Any government already in such an agreement on September 1, 2025, must pull out by October 1, 2025. The bill also declares a state policy that encourages sister-city ties with U.S. allies, including major non-NATO allies and Taiwan.

Receipt

The receipt

89R-HB128 · 2025-03-13

SOLD BY

+ 16 coauthors

ITEM

relating to certain sister-city agreements between governmental entities and foreign countries and communities.

WHAT IT DOES

Pull out by October 1, 2025. Never recognized by a nonprofit? Outside the ban!

The bill bars Texas state agencies, cities, counties and other local governments from starting, keeping or renewing sister-city agreements with China, Iran, North Korea, Russia, or any country on the state's designated-country list. Any government already in such an agreement on September 1, 2025, must pull out by October 1, 2025. The bill also declares a state policy that encourages sister-city ties with U.S. allies, including major non-NATO allies and Taiwan.

CHARGES

[x] THE HOLEanalysis confidence 45%

THE TEXT

“is recognized by a nonprofit organization”…

Bill text, engrossed version (E)

The ban only covers a "sister-city agreement" as defined, and that definition requires recognition by a national tax-exempt nonprofit. A government could keep a partnership with a city in an adversary country, and stay outside the ban, simply by never having it recognized by that private group.

TOTAL

No fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version E · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version E · May 7, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

HISTORY

  1. Filed
  2. Read first time
  3. Referred to Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs
  4. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  5. Considered in public hearing
  6. Testimony taken/registration(s) recorded in committee
  7. Left pending in committee
  8. Considered in public hearing
  9. Reported favorably w/o amendment(s)
  10. Comte report filed with Committee Coordinator
  11. Committee report distributed
  12. Committee report sent to Calendars
  13. Considered in Calendars
  14. Placed on General State Calendar
  15. Read 2nd time
  16. Passed to engrossment
  17. Record vote RV#818
  18. Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal
  19. Read 3rd time
  20. Passed
  21. Record vote RV#966
  22. Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal
  23. Reported engrossed
  24. Received from the House
  25. Read first time
  26. Referred to State Affairs
  27. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  28. Considered in public hearing
  29. Left pending in committee
  30. Considered in public hearing
  31. Vote taken in committee
  32. Reported favorably w/o amendments
  33. Recommended for local & uncontested calendar
  34. Committee report printed and distributed
  35. Placed on local & uncontested calendar
  36. Laid before the Senate
  37. Read 2nd time & passed to 3rd reading
  38. Vote recorded in Journal
  39. Three day rule suspended
  40. Record vote
  41. Read 3rd time
  42. Passed
  43. Record vote
  44. Senate passage reported
  45. Reported enrolled
  46. Signed in the House
  47. Signed in the Senate
  48. Sent to the Governor
  49. Signed by the Governor
  50. Effective on 9/1/25
FILED UNDER

No verified beat found.

SIGNED FOR BY

House · 104 yea · 32 nay

Senate · 29 yea · 2 nay

Sources

House: Final passage · Apr 30, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate: Final passage · May 25, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

All floor motions and other positions below.

Smells

THANK YOU FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

Donors

Not tied to this bill.

Sources

The author's campaign account only. Own money and internal transfers are separate on the member page.

Derived itemized flow · Oct 31, 2024 to Oct 22, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC$434,355.69

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$434,355.69

Cash
$185,000.00
Paid by others
$249,355.69
Total
$434,355.69
advertising $241,605.69polling $7,750.00

Also funds 124 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 10, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Jun 23, 2025 to Oct 16, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101007596, 101032794, 101035908, 101040770, 101058009, 101071193.

Texas Sands PAC$154,250.00

Texas Sands PAC

$154,250.00

Cash
$137,000.00
Paid by others
$17,250.00
Total
$154,250.00
polling $17,250.00

Also funds 121 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 3, 2024 to Oct 24, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Dec 9, 2024 to Oct 22, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101012337, 101032794, 101035908, 101071193.

Dustin Burrows Campaign$136,250.00

Dustin Burrows Campaign

$136,250.00

Cash
$119,000.00
Paid by others
$17,250.00
Total
$136,250.00
polling $17,250.00

Also funds 39 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Sep 13, 2025 to Sep 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Name match, not a verified identity: normalized filed name and state.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Sep 13, 2025 to Jan 28, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101032794, 101040770.

Money

Missing data does not establish zero giving. Display amounts are rounded.

×

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$434,355.69

Cash
$185,000.00
Paid by others
$249,355.69
Total
$434,355.69
advertising $241,605.69polling $7,750.00

Also funds 124 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 10, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Jun 23, 2025 to Oct 16, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101007596, 101032794, 101035908, 101040770, 101058009, 101071193.

×

Texas Sands PAC

$154,250.00

Cash
$137,000.00
Paid by others
$17,250.00
Total
$154,250.00
polling $17,250.00

Also funds 121 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 3, 2024 to Oct 24, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Dec 9, 2024 to Oct 22, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101012337, 101032794, 101035908, 101071193.

×

Dustin Burrows Campaign

$136,250.00

Cash
$119,000.00
Paid by others
$17,250.00
Total
$136,250.00
polling $17,250.00

Also funds 39 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Sep 13, 2025 to Sep 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Name match, not a verified identity: normalized filed name and state.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Sep 13, 2025 to Jan 28, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101032794, 101040770.

Votes5

Senate May 25, 2025

Final passage

Yea
29
Nay
2
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

Senate journal

Names were not printed for yea. Only the named positions are included in member records.

The journal row lists three votes in order: passage to third reading, suspension of the three-day rule, and final passage. This entry records final passage. Repeated tallies belong to separate votes.

Sources

HB 128 (Kolkhorst) Relating to certain sister-city agreements between governmental entities and foreign countries and communities. (viva voce vote) (29-2) "Nays" Cook, Eckhardt (29-2) "Nays" Cook, Eckhardt

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 29 (published)
  • Nay: 2 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate May 25, 2025

Suspension of the three-day rule

Yea
29
Nay
2
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

Senate journal

Names were not printed for yea. Only the named positions are included in member records.

The journal row lists three votes in order: passage to third reading, suspension of the three-day rule, and final passage. This entry records suspension of the three-day rule. Repeated tallies belong to separate votes.

Sources

HB 128 (Kolkhorst) Relating to certain sister-city agreements between governmental entities and foreign countries and communities. (viva voce vote) (29-2) "Nays" Cook, Eckhardt (29-2) "Nays" Cook, Eckhardt

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 29 (published)
  • Nay: 2 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate May 25, 2025

Passage to third reading

Yea
Not printed
Nay
Not printed
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

The journal row lists three votes in order: passage to third reading, suspension of the three-day rule, and final passage. This entry records passage to third reading. Repeated tallies belong to separate votes.

Voice vote. No numeric tally or individual yeas are inferred.

Sources

HB 128 (Kolkhorst) Relating to certain sister-city agreements between governmental entities and foreign countries and communities. (viva voce vote) (29-2) "Nays" Cook, Eckhardt (29-2) "Nays" Cook, Eckhardt

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: Not printed
  • Nay: Not printed
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

House Apr 30, 2025

Yea
104
Nay
32
Present, not voting
2
Absent
7
Excused
5
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 966

HB 128 was passed by (Record 966): 104 Yeas, 32 Nays, 2 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 104 (published)
  • Nay: 32 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 2 (published)
  • Absent: 7 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 5 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

House Apr 29, 2025

Yea
97
Nay
41
Present, not voting
2
Absent
9
Excused
1
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 818

HB 128 was passed to engrossment by (Record 818): 97 Yeas, 41 Nays, 2 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 97 (published)
  • Nay: 41 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 2 (published)
  • Absent: 9 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 1 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Witnesses13
For
9
Against
3
On
1
Names

For

  • City of McAllen1 registration
  • Self3 registrations
  • Self; State Armor1 registration
  • Self; State Armor Action1 registration
  • Self; State Armour1 registration
  • State Armor1 registration
  • State Armor Action1 registration

Against

  • City of San Antonio2 registrations
  • Self1 registration

On

  • City of Fort Worth1 registration
Sources

13 parsed registrations across the loaded witness lists.

Derived stock of witness registrations. Repeated appearances count separately. Organizations and self-representation appear as printed.

House witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Senate witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Fiscal

No fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version E · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version E · May 7, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

How this was graded

Analysis of text version E by claude-opus-5-5, Oct 22, 2026, against the published rubric.

Sources

Texas House · Filed Mar 13, 2025

06/20/2025 E Effective on 9/1/25

Texas Legislature Online · Introduced · House Committee Report · Engrossed · Senate Committee Report · Enrolled

Data snapshot Nov 1, 2026 at 3:07 PM CST. Grades, charges, quotes and corrections follow the published record.

Coauthors
Sponsors

House committee · Homeland Security, Public Safety & Veterans' Affairs · Committee vote 8 aye, 3 nay · Out of committee

Senate committee · State Affairs · Committee vote 11 aye, 0 nay · Out of committee

Subjects

City Government--General

Intergovernmental Relations

Political Subdivisions

State Agencies, Boards & Commissions

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Text

The text as introduced · 362 words

89R4427 CS-F

By: Orr
H.B. No. 128

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to certain sister-city agreements between governmental

entities and foreign countries and communities.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Title 7, Government Code, is amended by adding

Chapter 795 to read as follows:

CHAPTER 795. SISTER-CITY AGREEMENTS

Sec. 795.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter:

(1) "Foreign adversary" means:

(A) China, Iran, North Korea, or Russia; or

(B) a country that is a designated country for

purposes of Chapter 2275.

(2) "Governmental entity" means a state agency or a

political subdivision of this state.

(3) "Sister-city agreement" means an agreement that:

(A) is between a governmental entity and a

country other than the United States or a community located in a

country other than the United States;

(B) is recognized by a nonprofit organization

exempt from federal income taxation under Section 501(c)(3),

Internal Revenue Code of 1986, that serves as the national

membership organization for individual sister cities, counties,

and states across the United States; and

(C) reflects a commitment to foster and

strengthen opportunities for cultural and educational exchange

programs and tourism and to encourage other types of bilateral

cooperation between the parties to the agreement.

(4) "State agency" has the meaning assigned by Section

751.001.

Sec. 795.002. STATE POLICY REGARDING AGREEMENTS. It is the

policy of this state to encourage sister-city agreements between

governmental entities and countries that are allies of the United

States, including countries designated as major non-NATO allies

under federal law and the Republic of China, commonly known as

Taiwan, and communities located in those countries.

Sec. 795.003. CERTAIN AGREEMENTS PROHIBITED. A

governmental entity may not establish, maintain, or renew a

sister-city agreement with:

(1) a country that is a foreign adversary; or

(2) a community located in a country described by

Subdivision (1).

Sec. 795.004. WITHDRAWAL FROM CERTAIN EXISTING AGREEMENTS.

(a) A governmental entity that on September 1, 2025, is a party to a

sister-city agreement described by Section 795.003 shall withdraw

from the agreement not later than October 1, 2025.

(b) This section expires January 1, 2027.

SECTION 2. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.