Monitoring the Session

HB 947

Toth Bill Takes A Defense Away From Teachers And Librarians

Died in committee

Verdict: No flags

No flagsInitial review
Rep. Steve TothRHouse 15

Initial review · graded Oct 20, 2026 · Headline, summary and grade are analysis of the bill text, not a finding about any person · How we grade

Caption

relating to affirmative defenses to prosecution for certain offenses involving material or conduct that is obscene or otherwise harmful to children.

Caption from analyzed text · version I.

Summary

Scientific and educational justifications go. Judicial, law enforcement and legislative ones stay.

The bill narrows two affirmative defenses in the Penal Code for offenses involving material or conduct that is obscene or harmful to children. For selling, distributing or exhibiting harmful material, it strips the scientific, educational, governmental and "other similar" justifications and leaves only judicial, law enforcement or legislative ones; for the child sexual performance section, it strips the educational, medical, psychological and psychiatric purposes. Teachers, librarians, schools, researchers and medical or mental health providers lose a defense they could raise before, starting with conduct on or after September 1, 2025.

Labels

Labels: BACK FROM THE DEAD. Same text as a bill filed before that died: 88R HB 111 (Died in committee). Filed in 2 sessions, counting this one. Checked against 88R only.TRY NO. 2. Filed in 2 sessions: 88R and 89R. Checked against 88R only.

Receipt

The receipt

89R-HB947 · 2024-11-12

SOLD BY

+ 2 coauthors

ITEM

relating to affirmative defenses to prosecution for certain offenses involving material or conduct that is obscene or otherwise harmful to children.

WHAT IT DOES

Scientific and educational justifications go. Judicial, law enforcement and legislative ones stay.

The bill narrows two affirmative defenses in the Penal Code for offenses involving material or conduct that is obscene or harmful to children. For selling, distributing or exhibiting harmful material, it strips the scientific, educational, governmental and "other similar" justifications and leaves only judicial, law enforcement or legislative ones; for the child sexual performance section, it strips the educational, medical, psychological and psychiatric purposes. Teachers, librarians, schools, researchers and medical or mental health providers lose a defense they could raise before, starting with conduct on or after September 1, 2025.

CHARGES

[ ] NONE FOUND

TOTAL

No fiscal note in the loaded record.

HISTORY

  1. Filed
  2. Read first time
  3. Referred to State Affairs
FILED UNDER

SPEECH AND LAWFARE

THE TEXT

…“having a bona fide judicial, law enforcement, or legislative”…

Bill text, introduced version (I)

The bill removes educational and scientific justifications as a defense for distributing or exhibiting material deemed harmful to minors, which widens prosecution risk for what schools and libraries can show.

No flags

THANK YOU FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

Donors

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC$33KMichael Till$20,000Don Dyer$10,000

Not tied to this bill.

Sources

The author's campaign account only. Own money and internal transfers are separate on the member page.

Derived itemized flow · Jul 1, 2024 to Mar 25, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC$32,500.00

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$32,500.00

Cash
$32,500.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$32,500.00

Also funds 124 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 10, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Jul 10, 2024 to Jun 27, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101005773, 101012329.

Michael Till$20,000.00
Don Dyer$10,000.00
Money

Missing data does not establish zero giving. Display amounts are rounded.

×

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$32,500.00

Cash
$32,500.00
Paid by others
$0.00
Total
$32,500.00

Also funds 124 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 10, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Jul 10, 2024 to Jun 27, 2025. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101005773, 101012329.

Votes

No floor vote loaded for this bill.

Fiscal

No fiscal note in the loaded record.

How this was graded

Analysis of text version I by claude-opus-5-5, Oct 20, 2026, against the published rubric.

FILED BEFORE

Filed 2 times: 88R and 89R. Checked against 88R only.

88R HB 111

by Rep. Toth, same lead author · Died in committee · same text

Introduced text

Last action, Feb 23, 2023: Referred to State Affairs

Relating to affirmative defenses to prosecution for certain offenses involving material or conduct that is obscene or otherwise harmful to children.

Caption, 88R bill history

Sources

Texas House · Filed Nov 12, 2024

03/06/2025 H Referred to State Affairs: Mar 6 2025 11:42AM

Texas Legislature Online · Introduced

Data snapshot Oct 26, 2026 at 4:19 AM CDT. Grades, charges, quotes and corrections follow the published record.

Coauthors

House committee · State Affairs · Final status: Died in committee

Companion

SB 412 by Middleton (very similar)

HB 1434 by Hickland (duplicate)

Subjects

Crimes--Against Persons--General

Crimes--Against Persons--Sexual

Criminal Procedure--General

Libraries & Librarians

Minors--Crimes Against

LIBRARY COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT & MATERIALS (SE35P)

Text

The text as introduced · 264 words

By: Toth
H.B. No. 947

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to affirmative defenses to prosecution for certain

offenses involving material or conduct that is obscene or otherwise

harmful to children.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Section 43.24(c), Penal Code, is amended to read

as follows:

(c) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under this

section that the sale, distribution, or exhibition was by a person

having a bona fide judicial, law enforcement, or legislative

[ scientific, educational, governmental, or other similar ]

justification.

SECTION 2. Section 43.25(f), Penal Code, is amended to read

as follows:

(f) It is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under this

section that:

(1) the defendant was the spouse of the child at the

time of the offense;

(2) the conduct was for a bona fide [ educational,

medical, psychological, psychiatric, ] judicial, law enforcement,

or legislative purpose; or

(3) the defendant is not more than two years older than

the child.

SECTION 3. The changes in law made by this Act apply only to

an offense committed on or after the effective date of this Act. An

offense committed before the effective date of this Act is governed

by the law in effect on the date the offense was committed, and the

former law is continued in effect for that purpose. For purposes of

this section, an offense was committed before the effective date of

this Act if any element of the offense occurred before that date.

SECTION 4. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.