Monitoring the Session

HB 4578

Metcalf Miniature Vehicle Bill Covers Only Ones Made In Japan

Did not pass

Verdict: Smells

SmellsInitial review
Rep. Will MetcalfRHouse 16
Why it's charged
Carve-out

THE TEXT

“"Miniature vehicle" means a miniature car, truck, van, or bus manufactured in Japan that:”

Bill text, introduced version (I)

The caption reads like a general rule for miniature vehicles, but the definition limits the title, registration and equipment relief to vehicles made in one country. A similar small vehicle built anywhere else gets none of it.

Carve-out

Initial review · graded Oct 20, 2026 · Headline, summary and grade are analysis of the bill text, not a finding about any person · How we grade

Caption

relating to the titling, registration, and operation of a miniature vehicle.

Caption from analyzed text · version I.

Summary

At least 25 years old, highway-legal with basics like headlamps and wipers. Built elsewhere? No relief.

The bill lets small Japanese-made cars, trucks, vans and buses that are at least 25 years old get a Texas title and registration as regular motor vehicles. It touches owners and importers of these vehicles, the state's titling and registration system, and the Department of Public Safety. Once titled and registered, these vehicles can be driven on public highways if they have a short list of basic equipment like headlamps, turn signals, mirrors and wipers, and they skip other equipment rules unless the department applies them by rule.

Receipt

The receipt

89R-HB4578 · 2025-03-12

SOLD BY

ITEM

relating to the titling, registration, and operation of a miniature vehicle.

WHAT IT DOES

At least 25 years old, highway-legal with basics like headlamps and wipers. Built elsewhere? No relief.

The bill lets small Japanese-made cars, trucks, vans and buses that are at least 25 years old get a Texas title and registration as regular motor vehicles. It touches owners and importers of these vehicles, the state's titling and registration system, and the Department of Public Safety. Once titled and registered, these vehicles can be driven on public highways if they have a short list of basic equipment like headlamps, turn signals, mirrors and wipers, and they skip other equipment rules unless the department applies them by rule.

CHARGES

[x] CARVE-OUTanalysis confidence 50%

THE TEXT

“"Miniature vehicle" means a miniature car, truck, van, or bus manufactured in Japan that:”

Bill text, introduced version (I)

The caption reads like a general rule for miniature vehicles, but the definition limits the title, registration and equipment relief to vehicles made in one country. A similar small vehicle built anywhere else gets none of it.

TOTAL

No fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version I · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version I · May 10, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

HISTORY

  1. Filed
  2. Read first time
  3. Referred to Transportation
  4. Considered in formal meeting
  5. Reported favorably w/o amendment(s)
  6. Comte report filed with Committee Coordinator
  7. Committee report distributed
  8. Committee report sent to Calendars
  9. Considered in Calendars
  10. Placed on General State Calendar
FILED UNDER

No verified beat found.

Smells

THANK YOU FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

Donors

Not tied to this bill.

Sources

The author's campaign account only. Own money and internal transfers are separate on the member page.

Derived itemized flow · Nov 7, 2024 to Oct 19, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC$149,922.40

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$149,922.40

Cash
$70,000.00
Paid by others
$79,922.40
Total
$149,922.40
advertising $37,500.00polling $27,750.00mail $14,372.40fundraiser $300.00

Also funds 124 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 10, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Nov 8, 2024 to Aug 12, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100982185, 100998989, 101030949, 101035543, 101059927, 101068041.

Associated Republicans of Texas Campaign Fund$54,402.88

Associated Republicans of Texas Campaign Fund

$54,402.88

Cash
$0.00
Paid by others
$54,402.88
Total
$54,402.88
television $52,000.00text $1,402.88digital $1,000.00

Also funds 20 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Nov 4, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Jun 25, 2025 to Jan 27, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100998989, 101034987, 101035543.

Dustin Burrows Campaign$45,000.00

Dustin Burrows Campaign

$45,000.00

Cash
$35,000.00
Paid by others
$10,000.00
Total
$45,000.00
polling $10,000.00

Also funds 39 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Sep 13, 2025 to Sep 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Name match, not a verified identity: normalized filed name and state.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Dec 29, 2025 to Jan 26, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101030949, 101035543.

Money

Missing data does not establish zero giving. Display amounts are rounded.

×

Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC

$149,922.40

Cash
$70,000.00
Paid by others
$79,922.40
Total
$149,922.40
advertising $37,500.00polling $27,750.00mail $14,372.40fundraiser $300.00

Also funds 124 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Jul 10, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Nov 8, 2024 to Aug 12, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100982185, 100998989, 101030949, 101035543, 101059927, 101068041.

×

Associated Republicans of Texas Campaign Fund

$54,402.88

Cash
$0.00
Paid by others
$54,402.88
Total
$54,402.88
television $52,000.00text $1,402.88digital $1,000.00

Also funds 20 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Nov 4, 2024 to Oct 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

TEC account match.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Jun 25, 2025 to Jan 27, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 100998989, 101034987, 101035543.

×

Dustin Burrows Campaign

$45,000.00

Cash
$35,000.00
Paid by others
$10,000.00
Total
$45,000.00
polling $10,000.00

Also funds 39 other sitting lawmakers.

Derived recipient stock · Sep 13, 2025 to Sep 23, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Name match, not a verified identity: normalized filed name and state.

Team
Sources

Derived itemized flow · Dec 29, 2025 to Jan 26, 2026. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Derived itemized contributions on live regular reports and uncovered special-session dates. Internal account transfers and daily reports are excluded.

Report IDs: 101030949, 101035543.

Votes

No floor vote loaded for this bill.

Fiscal

No fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version I · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version I · May 10, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

How this was graded

Analysis of text version I by claude-opus-5-5, Oct 20, 2026, against the published rubric.

Sources

Texas House · Filed Mar 12, 2025

05/14/2025 H Placed on General State Calendar

Texas Legislature Online · Introduced · House Committee Report

Data snapshot Oct 26, 2026 at 4:19 AM CDT. Grades, charges, quotes and corrections follow the published record.

House committee · Transportation · Committee vote 13 aye, 0 nay · Out of committee

Companion

SB 1816 by Hancock (identical)

Subjects

Vehicles & Traffic--Rules of Road

Vehicles & Traffic--Vehicle Registration

Text

The text as introduced · 595 words

89R1815 AJZ-F

By: Metcalf
H.B. No. 4578

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to the titling, registration, and operation of a miniature

vehicle.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Subchapter B, Chapter 501, Transportation Code,

is amended by adding Section 501.039 to read as follows:

Sec. 501.039. TITLE FOR MINIATURE VEHICLE. (a) In this

section, "miniature vehicle" has the meaning assigned by Section

502.001.

(b) For the purposes of issuing a title under this chapter,

a miniature vehicle is considered to be a motor vehicle.

(c) This section applies only to a miniature vehicle that:

(1) was 25 years of age or older at the time of import

into the United States; or

(2) at the time of the issuance of the title, is 25

years of age or older and has previously been issued a valid title

in the United States.

SECTION 2. Section 502.001, Transportation Code, is amended

by adding Subdivision (21-a) to read as follows:

(21-a) "Miniature vehicle" means a miniature car,

truck, van, or bus manufactured in Japan that:

(A) is powered by an internal combustion engine

with a displacement of 1,200 cubic centimeters or less;

(B) has a width of 60 inches or less;

(C) has a length of 140 inches or less;

(D) has a height of 80 inches or less;

(E) has a top speed of at least 50 miles per hour;

(F) is designed to propel itself with four or

more tires in contact with the ground;

(G) is equipped with:

(i) a speedometer; and

(ii) all equipment required for miniature

vehicles under Section 547.106 or rules adopted by the Department

of Public Safety under Section 547.106; and

(H) has a manufacturer's permanent vehicle

identification number, as defined by Section 501.002.

SECTION 3. Subchapter A, Chapter 502, Transportation Code,

is amended by adding Section 502.006 to read as follows:

Sec. 502.006. REGISTRATION OF MINIATURE VEHICLE. (a) For

purposes of registering a vehicle under this chapter, a miniature

vehicle is considered to be a motor vehicle.

(b) This section applies only to a miniature vehicle that:

(1) was 25 years of age or older at the time of import

into the United States; or

(2) at the time of registration is 25 years of age or

older and has previously been issued a valid title in the United

States.

SECTION 4. Subchapter I, Chapter 545, Transportation Code,

is amended by adding Section 545.429 to read as follows:

Sec. 545.429. OPERATION OF MINIATURE VEHICLE. (a) In this

section, "miniature vehicle" has the meaning assigned by Section

502.001.

(b) A person may operate a miniature vehicle on a public

highway only if:

(1) the vehicle has been registered and titled in

accordance with the laws of this state; and

(2) the vehicle is capable of operating in compliance

with applicable traffic laws in this title.

SECTION 5. Subchapter B, Chapter 547, Transportation Code,

is amended by adding Section 547.106 to read as follows:

Sec. 547.106. MINIATURE VEHICLE EQUIPMENT STANDARDS. (a)

In this section, "miniature vehicle" has the meaning assigned by

Section 502.001.

(b) A miniature vehicle must be equipped with the following

items in compliance with this chapter:

(1) headlamps;

(2) stoplamps;

(3) turn signal lamps;

(4) tail lamps;

(5) parking brake;

(6) rearview mirror; and

(7) windshield wipers.

(c) A provision of this chapter that requires equipment not

listed in Subsection (b) does not apply to a miniature vehicle

unless the department by rule specifically applies the provision to

miniature vehicles.

SECTION 6. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.