Monitoring the Session

SB 1816

Hancock Miniature Vehicle Bill Covers Only Ones Made In Japan

Became law

Verdict: Smells

SmellsReviewed
Sen. Kelly HancockRSenate 9
Why it's charged
Carve-out

THE TEXT

…“truck, van, or bus manufactured in Japan that:”

Bill text, introduced version (I)

The definition limits the new title, registration and road access, along with a lighter equipment standard, to vehicles made in one country, not to small vehicles in general. The caption does flag miniature vehicles, so the narrowing is partly disclosed.

Carve-out

Reviewed · Nov 1, 2026 · Headline, summary and grade are analysis of the bill text, not a finding about any person · How we grade

Caption

relating to the titling, registration, and operation of a miniature vehicle.

Caption from analyzed text · version I.

Summary

Japanese minis 25 or older get plates and highway access. Other small vehicles don’t.

The bill lets small Japanese-made cars, trucks, vans and buses that are at least 25 years old be titled, registered and driven on public highways in Texas as motor vehicles. It touches owners and importers of these mini vehicles, county tax offices and DPS. These vehicles need only headlamps, stoplamps, turn signals, tail lamps, a parking brake, a rearview mirror and wipers, plus a speedometer, unless DPS adds other equipment rules by rule.

Labels

Labels: INSTANT LAW. Took effect immediately, on Jun 20, 2025. 833 of the 1,185 graded 89R laws took effect Sep 1, 2025 (derived from the bill histories, snapshot Oct 19, 2026).

Receipt

The receipt

89R-SB1816 · 2025-03-03

SOLD BY

+ 1 coauthor

ITEM

relating to the titling, registration, and operation of a miniature vehicle.

WHAT IT DOES

Japanese minis 25 or older get plates and highway access. Other small vehicles don’t.

The bill lets small Japanese-made cars, trucks, vans and buses that are at least 25 years old be titled, registered and driven on public highways in Texas as motor vehicles. It touches owners and importers of these mini vehicles, county tax offices and DPS. These vehicles need only headlamps, stoplamps, turn signals, tail lamps, a parking brake, a rearview mirror and wipers, plus a speedometer, unless DPS adds other equipment rules by rule.

CHARGES

[x] CARVE-OUTanalysis confidence 45%

THE TEXT

…“truck, van, or bus manufactured in Japan that:”

Bill text, introduced version (I)

The definition limits the new title, registration and road access, along with a lighter equipment standard, to vehicles made in one country, not to small vehicles in general. The caption does flag miniature vehicles, so the narrowing is partly disclosed.

TOTAL

No fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version S · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version S · March 26, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

HISTORY

  1. Received by the Secretary of the Senate
  2. Filed
  3. Read first time
  4. Referred to Transportation
  5. Scheduled for public hearing on . . .
  6. Considered in public hearing
  7. Testimony taken in committee
  8. Vote taken in committee
  9. Reported favorably as substituted
  10. Recommended for local & uncontested calendar
  11. Committee report printed and distributed
  12. Co-author authorized
  13. Placed on intent calendar
  14. Rules suspended-Regular order of business
  15. Read 2nd time & passed to engrossment
  16. Vote recorded in Journal
  17. Three day rule suspended
  18. Record vote
  19. Read 3rd time
  20. Passed
  21. Record vote
  22. Reported engrossed
  23. Received from the Senate
  24. Read first time
  25. Referred to Transportation
  26. Considered in formal meeting
  27. Reported favorably w/o amendment(s)
  28. Comte report filed with Committee Coordinator
  29. Committee report distributed
  30. Committee report sent to Calendars
  31. Considered in Calendars
  32. Placed on General State Calendar
  33. Read 2nd time
  34. Passed to 3rd reading
  35. Record vote RV#3079
  36. Read 3rd time
  37. Passed
  38. Record vote RV#3135
  39. Statement(s) of vote recorded in Journal
  40. House passage reported
  41. Reported enrolled
  42. Signed in the Senate
  43. Signed in the House
  44. Sent to the Governor
  45. Signed by the Governor
  46. Effective immediately
FILED UNDER

No verified beat found.

SIGNED FOR BY

House · 142 yea · 0 nay

Senate · 31 yea · 0 nay

Sources

House: Final passage · May 21, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate: Final passage · Apr 2, 2025. Journal. Published stock for this vote. Snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

All floor motions and other positions below.

Smells

THANK YOU FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

CAMPAIGN PAID FOR BY

Donors

Stephen Brauer JR$57,791
Texans for Lawsuit Reform PAC$14,750
Q Political Action Committee$12,500

Top donors to Texans for Kelly Hancock SPAC during his Senate service. Not tied to this bill.

Sources

Gifts to Texans for Kelly Hancock SPAC dated July 1, 2024 to June 18, 2025, while he served in the Senate.

Derived from itemized gifts. State data as of Nov 4, 2026.

Money

Missing data does not establish zero giving. Display amounts are rounded.

Votes5

House May 21, 2025

Yea
142
Nay
0
Present, not voting
2
Absent
4
Excused
2
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 3135

SB 1816 was passed by (Record 3135): 142 Yeas, 0 Nays, 2 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 142 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 2 (published)
  • Absent: 4 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 2 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

House May 20, 2025

Yea
141
Nay
1
Present, not voting
2
Absent
2
Excused
4
Names

Named positions matched to lawmakers. See the journal for unmatched names.

House journal

Sources

Record 3079

SB 1816 was passed to third reading by (Record 3079): 141 Yeas, 1 Nays, 2 Present, not voting.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 141 (published)
  • Nay: 1 (published)
  • Present, not voting: 2 (published)
  • Absent: 2 (derived from named list)
  • Excused: 4 (derived from named list)

House journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate Apr 2, 2025

Yea
31
Nay
0
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

Sources

Senator Hancock moved that Senate Rule 7.18 and the Constitutional Rule requiring bills to be read on three several days be suspended and that CSSB 1816 be placed on its third reading and final passage. The motion prevailed by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0. The bill was read third time and was passed by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 31 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate Apr 2, 2025

Yea
31
Nay
0
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

Sources

Senator Hancock moved that Senate Rule 7.18 and the Constitutional Rule requiring bills to be read on three several days be suspended and that CSSB 1816 be placed on its third reading and final passage. The motion prevailed by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: 31 (published)
  • Nay: 0 (published)
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Senate Apr 2, 2025

Yea
Not printed
Nay
Not printed
Present, not voting
Not printed
Absent
Not printed
Excused
Not printed
Names

Senate journal

Names were not printed. No individual positions are inferred.

Voice vote. No numeric tally or individual yeas are inferred.

Sources

The bill was read second time and was passed to engrossment by a viva voce vote.

Published stock of positions for this vote, except where marked derived.

  • Yea: Not printed
  • Nay: Not printed
  • Present, not voting: Not printed
  • Absent: Not printed
  • Excused: Not printed

Senate journal. Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

Witnesses5
For
4
Against
0
On
1
Names

For

  • Farm & City1 registration
  • Lone Star Kei2 registrations
  • Self1 registration

On

  • TxDMV1 registration
Sources

5 parsed registrations across the loaded witness lists.

Derived stock of witness registrations. Repeated appearances count separately. Organizations and self-representation appear as printed.

Senate witness list. Source snapshot 2026-10-20, Central time.

Fiscal

No fiscal implication to the State is anticipated.

LBB estimate · fiscal note version S · source

Sources

Fiscal note · version S · March 26, 2025

No first-year general revenue figure available here.

LBB published estimates · flow over the stated periods.

Source snapshot 2026-10-19, Central time.

How this was graded

Analysis of text version I by claude-opus-5-5, Oct 20, 2026, against the published rubric.

Sources

Texas Senate · Filed Mar 3, 2025

06/20/2025 E Effective immediately

Texas Legislature Online · Introduced · Senate Committee Report · Engrossed · House Committee Report · Enrolled

Data snapshot Nov 1, 2026 at 2:11 PM CST. Grades, charges, quotes and corrections follow the published record.

Coauthors
Sponsors

House committee · Transportation · Committee vote 13 aye, 0 nay · Out of committee

Senate committee · Transportation · Committee vote 9 aye, 0 nay · Out of committee

Companion

HB 4578 by Metcalf (identical)

Subjects

Vehicles & Traffic--Rules of Road

Vehicles & Traffic--Vehicle Registration

Text

The text as introduced · 595 words

89R1815 AJZ-F

By: Hancock
S.B. No. 1816

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to the titling, registration, and operation of a miniature

vehicle.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Subchapter B, Chapter 501, Transportation Code,

is amended by adding Section 501.039 to read as follows:

Sec. 501.039. TITLE FOR MINIATURE VEHICLE. (a) In this

section, "miniature vehicle" has the meaning assigned by Section

502.001.

(b) For the purposes of issuing a title under this chapter,

a miniature vehicle is considered to be a motor vehicle.

(c) This section applies only to a miniature vehicle that:

(1) was 25 years of age or older at the time of import

into the United States; or

(2) at the time of the issuance of the title, is 25

years of age or older and has previously been issued a valid title

in the United States.

SECTION 2. Section 502.001, Transportation Code, is amended

by adding Subdivision (21-a) to read as follows:

(21-a) "Miniature vehicle" means a miniature car,

truck, van, or bus manufactured in Japan that:

(A) is powered by an internal combustion engine

with a displacement of 1,200 cubic centimeters or less;

(B) has a width of 60 inches or less;

(C) has a length of 140 inches or less;

(D) has a height of 80 inches or less;

(E) has a top speed of at least 50 miles per hour;

(F) is designed to propel itself with four or

more tires in contact with the ground;

(G) is equipped with:

(i) a speedometer; and

(ii) all equipment required for miniature

vehicles under Section 547.106 or rules adopted by the Department

of Public Safety under Section 547.106; and

(H) has a manufacturer's permanent vehicle

identification number, as defined by Section 501.002.

SECTION 3. Subchapter A, Chapter 502, Transportation Code,

is amended by adding Section 502.006 to read as follows:

Sec. 502.006. REGISTRATION OF MINIATURE VEHICLE. (a) For

purposes of registering a vehicle under this chapter, a miniature

vehicle is considered to be a motor vehicle.

(b) This section applies only to a miniature vehicle that:

(1) was 25 years of age or older at the time of import

into the United States; or

(2) at the time of registration is 25 years of age or

older and has previously been issued a valid title in the United

States.

SECTION 4. Subchapter I, Chapter 545, Transportation Code,

is amended by adding Section 545.429 to read as follows:

Sec. 545.429. OPERATION OF MINIATURE VEHICLE. (a) In this

section, "miniature vehicle" has the meaning assigned by Section

502.001.

(b) A person may operate a miniature vehicle on a public

highway only if:

(1) the vehicle has been registered and titled in

accordance with the laws of this state; and

(2) the vehicle is capable of operating in compliance

with applicable traffic laws in this title.

SECTION 5. Subchapter B, Chapter 547, Transportation Code,

is amended by adding Section 547.106 to read as follows:

Sec. 547.106. MINIATURE VEHICLE EQUIPMENT STANDARDS. (a)

In this section, "miniature vehicle" has the meaning assigned by

Section 502.001.

(b) A miniature vehicle must be equipped with the following

items in compliance with this chapter:

(1) headlamps;

(2) stoplamps;

(3) turn signal lamps;

(4) tail lamps;

(5) parking brake;

(6) rearview mirror; and

(7) windshield wipers.

(c) A provision of this chapter that requires equipment not

listed in Subsection (b) does not apply to a miniature vehicle

unless the department by rule specifically applies the provision to

miniature vehicles.

SECTION 6. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.